Piezoresponse Force Microscopy

Maps local electromechanical (piezoresponse) amplitude and phase at nanometer resolution with an electrically driven AFM tip; assigning ferroelectric domains from this map requires appropriate artifact controls.

References

• Hong, W.C., Kitaoka, Y., Washida, N. "Piezoelectric Materials." Materials Chemistry and Physics 100, nos. 2-3 (2006): 289–300.